Plating Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic
Production Occupations- O*NET-SOC 代码
- 51-4193.00
Set up, operate, or tend plating machines to coat metal or plastic products with chromium, zinc, copper, cadmium, nickel, or other metal to protect or decorate surfaces. Typically, the product being coated is immersed in molten metal or an electrolytic solution.
- 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
低· 相对
低四级相对区间很高职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
- 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.000
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745尺度 · 母数 · 来源
- 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.17–0.20· ISCO-08 职业组 2 个
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
该来源发布的是什么性质的数值
BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。
各关联 ISCO-08 职业组的 ILO 数值
- ISCO-08 8122Metal Finishing, Plating and Coating Machine Operators0.20
- ISCO-08 8142Plastic Products Machine Operators0.17
Task-level exposure
显示隐藏的 38 项工作已评分任务 38 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 4 项（10.5%）
β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。
- 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
- 已评分任务中有 5 项不在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中，其分数按 O*NET 27.2 的发布值保留。
- 来源
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版本
- gh-main-0471612
- 许可
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
以下为 O*NET-SOC 2010 职业 51-4193.00 Plating and Coating Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 的工作任务，由本站依据 O*NET-SOC 2010→2019 官方对照表关联到此职业
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % |
|---|---|
Measure or weigh materials, using rulers, calculators, and scales.51-4193.00 | 0.0020100.0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Maintain production records.O*NET Task ID 10316 | 1.0 |
Read production schedules to determine setups of equipment and machines.O*NET Task ID 10335 | 1.0 |
Inspect coated or plated areas for defects, such as air bubbles or uneven coverage.O*NET Task ID 10309 | 0.5 |
Examine completed objects to determine thicknesses of metal deposits, or measure thicknesses by using instruments such as micrometers.O*NET Task ID 10328 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 全部任务（33 项）
本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。
| 任务（O*NET 31.0） | 类型 |
|---|---|
| Inspect coated or plated areas for defects, such as air bubbles or uneven coverage. | 核心 |
| Immerse workpieces in coating solutions or liquid metal or plastic for specified times. | 核心 |
| Set up, operate, or tend plating or coating machines to coat metal or plastic products with chromium, zinc, copper, cadmium, nickel, or other metal to protect or decorate surfaces. | 核心 |
| Maintain production records. | 核心 |
| Remove objects from solutions at periodic intervals and observe objects to verify conformance to specifications. | 核心 |
| Observe gauges to ensure that machines are operating properly, making adjustments or stopping machines when problems occur. | 核心 |
| Adjust dials to regulate flow of current and voltage supplied to terminals to control plating processes. | 核心 |
| Rinse coated objects in cleansing liquids and dry them with cloths, centrifugal driers, or by tumbling in sawdust-filled barrels. | 核心 |
| Examine completed objects to determine thicknesses of metal deposits, or measure thicknesses by using instruments such as micrometers. | 核心 |
| Remove excess materials or impurities from objects, using air hoses or grinding machines. | 核心 |
| Immerse objects to be coated or plated into cleaning solutions, or spray objects with conductive solutions to prepare them for plating. | 补充 |
| Position and feed materials into processing machines, by hand or by using automated equipment. | 补充 |
| Test machinery to ensure that it is operating properly. | 补充 |
| Operate hoists to place workpieces onto machine feed carriages or spindles. | 补充 |
| Adjust controls to set temperatures of coating substances and speeds of machines and equipment. | 补充 |
| Position containers to receive parts, and load or unload materials in containers, using dollies or handtrucks. | 补充 |
| Perform equipment maintenance, such as cleaning tanks and lubricating moving parts of conveyors. | 补充 |
| Clean and maintain equipment, using water hoses and scrapers. | 补充 |
| Determine sizes and compositions of objects to be plated, and amounts of electrical current and time required. | 补充 |
| Suspend sticks or pieces of plating metal from anodes, or positive terminals, and immerse metal in plating solutions. | 补充 |
| Monitor and measure thicknesses of electroplating on component parts to verify conformance to specifications, using micrometers. | 补充 |
| Measure or weigh materials, using rulers, calculators, and scales. | 补充 |
| Suspend objects, such as parts or molds from cathode rods, or negative terminals, and immerse objects in plating solutions. | 补充 |
| Measure, mark, and mask areas to be excluded from plating. | 补充 |
| Mix and test solutions, and turn valves to fill tanks with solutions. | 补充 |
| Place plated or coated materials on racks and transfer them to ovens to dry for specified periods of time. | 补充 |
| Read production schedules to determine setups of equipment and machines. | 补充 |
| Position objects to be plated in frames, or suspend them from positive or negative terminals of power supplies. | 补充 |
| Measure and set stops, rolls, brushes, and guides on automatic feeders and conveying equipment or coating machines, using micrometers, rules, and hand tools. | 补充 |
| Preheat workpieces in ovens. | 补充 |
| Replace worn parts and adjust equipment components, using hand tools. | 补充 |
| Clean workpieces, using wire brushes. | 补充 |
| Operate sandblasting equipment to roughen and clean surfaces of workpieces. | 补充 |
0.95/ 3· 机器人暴露指数
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均
以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准
等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。
机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。
每项体力任务的等级
机器人环境等级（E0–E3）
E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地
仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。
| 任务（O*NET 29.3） | 机器人环境等级 |
|---|---|
| Inspect coated or plated areas for defects, such as air bubbles or uneven coverage. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Immerse workpieces in coating solutions or liquid metal or plastic for specified times. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Set up, operate, or tend plating or coating machines to coat metal or plastic products with chromium, zinc, copper, cadmium, nickel, or other metal to protect or decorate surfaces. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Remove objects from solutions at periodic intervals and observe objects to verify conformance to specifications. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Observe gauges to ensure that machines are operating properly, making adjustments or stopping machines when problems occur. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Adjust dials to regulate flow of current and voltage supplied to terminals to control plating processes. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Rinse coated objects in cleansing liquids and dry them with cloths, centrifugal driers, or by tumbling in sawdust-filled barrels. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Examine completed objects to determine thicknesses of metal deposits, or measure thicknesses by using instruments such as micrometers. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Remove excess materials or impurities from objects, using air hoses or grinding machines. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Immerse objects to be coated or plated into cleaning solutions, or spray objects with conductive solutions to prepare them for plating. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Position and feed materials into processing machines, by hand or by using automated equipment. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Test machinery to ensure that it is operating properly. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Operate hoists to place workpieces onto machine feed carriages or spindles. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Adjust controls to set temperatures of coating substances and speeds of machines and equipment. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Position containers to receive parts, and load or unload materials in containers, using dollies or handtrucks. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Perform equipment maintenance, such as cleaning tanks and lubricating moving parts of conveyors. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Clean and maintain equipment, using water hoses and scrapers. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Suspend sticks or pieces of plating metal from anodes, or positive terminals, and immerse metal in plating solutions. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Monitor and measure thicknesses of electroplating on component parts to verify conformance to specifications, using micrometers. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Measure or weigh materials, using rulers, calculators, and scales. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Suspend objects, such as parts or molds from cathode rods, or negative terminals, and immerse objects in plating solutions. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Measure, mark, and mask areas to be excluded from plating. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Mix and test solutions, and turn valves to fill tanks with solutions. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Place plated or coated materials on racks and transfer them to ovens to dry for specified periods of time. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Position objects to be plated in frames, or suspend them from positive or negative terminals of power supplies. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Measure and set stops, rolls, brushes, and guides on automatic feeders and conveying equipment or coating machines, using micrometers, rules, and hand tools. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Preheat workpieces in ovens. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Replace worn parts and adjust equipment components, using hand tools. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Clean workpieces, using wire brushes. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Operate sandblasting equipment to roughen and clean surfaces of workpieces. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
职业信息
就业展望（BLS）
- 就业人数，2025
- 33K
- 预计就业人数，2035
- 30K
- 变化 (2025–35)
- -9.7%
- 年薪中位数，2025
- $43,960
- 入职通常所需学历
- High school diploma or equivalent
韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）
来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。
| KSCO 代码 | KSCO 名称 | 关系 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 84222 | 전기 도금기 조작원 | 本职业范围更宽 | 已确认 |
| 84223 | 용융 도금기 조작원 | 本职业范围更宽 | 已确认 |
| 84229 | 그 외 도금 및 금속 분무기 조작원 | 有重叠，但不相同 | 已确认 |
| 84224 | 금속 분무기 조작원 | 相关，但不对应 | 已确认 |
关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)
国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明
以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。
- ISCO-08 8122Metal Finishing, Plating and Coating Machine Operators
金属表面处理、电镀和涂层机器操作工
- ISCO-08 8142Plastic Products Machine Operators
塑料制品机器操作工
自行翻译
自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 职业词汇
以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。
- anodising machine operatorESCO 8122.2本职业范围更宽
Anodising machine operators set up and tend anodising machines designed to provide otherwise finished metal workpieces, usually aluminum-based, with a durable, anodic oxide, corrosion-resistant finishing coat, by a electrolyctic passiviation process that increases the thickness of the natural oxide layer of the metal workpieces' surface.
- coating machine operatorESCO 8122.3本职业范围更宽
Coating machine operators set up and tend coating machines that coat metal products with a thin layer of covering of materials such as lacquer, enamel, copper, nickel, zinc, cadmium, chromium or other metal layering in order to protect or decorate the metal products' surfaces. They run all coating machine stations on multiple coaters.
- dip tank operatorESCO 8122.6本职业范围更宽
Dip tank operators set up and tend dip tanks, which are coating machines, designed to provide otherwise finished work pieces with durable coating by dipping them in a tank of a specific sort of paint, preservative or molten zinc.
- electroplating machine operatorESCO 8122.7本职业范围更宽
Electroplating machine operators set up and tend electroplating machines designed to finish and coat the metal workpieces' (such as future pennies and jewelry) surface by using electric current to dissolve metal cations and to bond a thin layer of another metal, such as zinc, copper or silver, to produce a coherent metal coating to the workpiece's surface.
- enamellerESCO 8122.8本职业范围更宽
Enamellers embellish metals such as gold, silver, copper, steel, cast iron or platinum by painting it. The enamel they apply, consists of coloured powdered glass.
- lacquer spray gun operatorESCO 7132.1有重叠，但不相同
Lacquer spray gun operators operate lacquer spray guns designed to provide otherwise finished metal, wooden or plastic workpieces with a hard, durable finishing coat, through lacquer coating or paint that is either matte, sheen or highly glossy, but is always meant for hard surfaces.
- metal polisherESCO 7224.1有重叠，但不相同
Metal polishers use metal working equipment and machinery to polish and buff almost finished metal workpieces in order to enhance their smoothness and appearance and to remove oxidisation, tarnishing the metal after the other fabrication processes. They may operate equipment using diamond solutions, silicon-made polishing pads, or working wheels with a leather polishing strop, and tend to these materials ensuring their effectiveness.
- rustprooferESCO 8122.10有重叠，但不相同
Rustproofers use the proper equipment and machinery to provide metal workpieces with a hard, durable finishing coat, composed of specific chemical formulas, that prevents or delays iron and steel pieces from rusting and protects against corrosion.
- surface treatment operatorESCO 7132.2有重叠，但不相同
Surface treatment operators apply chemicals and paint to the material surface in order to protect against corrosion. They calculate the materials needed for surface protection.
来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
法国职业分类关联（ROME）
本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。
| ROME 代码 | ROME 名称（法语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| H3410 | Galvanoplaste industriel / Galvanoplaste industrielle | 范围相同暂定 |
| H3407 | Metteur au bain / Metteuse au bain argenture - dorure en orfèvrerie | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| H3402 | Opérateur / Opératrice de traitement de surface | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）
本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| CNO-11 代码 | CNO-11 名称（西班牙语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 8122 | Operadores de máquinas pulidoras, galvanizadoras y recubridoras de metales | 本职业范围更窄 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
德国职业分类关联（KldB）
本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| KldB 代码 | KldB 名称（德语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 24302 | Berufe in der Metalloberflächenbehandlung (ohne Spezialisierung) - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | 本职业范围更窄 |
| 24301 | Berufe in der Metalloberflächenbehandlung (ohne Spezialisierung) - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten | 相关，但不对应 |
| 24303 | Berufe in der Metalloberflächenbehandlung (ohne Spezialisierung) - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本职业分类关联（JSCO）
本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| JSCO 代码 | JSCO 名称（日语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 497 | 金属彫刻・表面処理設備制御・監視員 | 有重叠，但不相同 |
| 527 | 金属彫刻・表面処理従事者 | 有重叠，但不相同 |
| 538 | ゴム・プラスチック製品製造従事者 | 相关，但不对应 |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源