Police Officers
Protective ServiceAI exposure
- Data source: BLSPublished: '26.08
High· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: '26.03
0.123
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
- Data source: ILOPublished: '25
0.14
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
ISCO-08 unit group — every occupation sharing the code gets this value
Computed by this site, not published by the ILO: of the 1,012 occupations this site links to the ILO dataset, 95% score at or above this value.
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only| Task | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Interpret and explain laws and regulations to travelers, prospective immigrants, shippers, and manufacturers.33-3051 | 0.050083.3 | 0.01004.2 |
Inform citizens of community services and recommend options to facilitate longer-term problem resolution.33-3051 | 0.010016.7 | 0.00000.0 |
Evaluate complaint and emergency-request information to determine response requirements.33-3051 | 0.00000.0 | 0.210087.5 |
Investigate illegal or suspicious activities.33-3051 | 0.00000.0 | 0.02008.3 |
Record and report job-related activities, findings, transactions, violations, discrepancies, and decisions.33-3051 | 0.00000.0 | 0.00000.0 |
Record facts to prepare reports that document incidents and activities.33-3051 | 0.00000.0 | —0 |
Monitor, note, report, and investigate suspicious persons and situations, safety hazards, and unusual or illegal activity in patrol area. | —0 | 0.00000.0 |
| Not observed on any surface — 34 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | ||
Identify, pursue, and arrest suspects and perpetrators of criminal acts. | —0 | —0 |
Provide for public safety by maintaining order, responding to emergencies, protecting people and property, enforcing motor vehicle and criminal laws, and promoting good community relations. | —0 | —0 |
Render aid to accident survivors and other persons requiring first aid for physical injuries. | —0 | —0 |
Review facts of incidents to determine if criminal act or statute violations were involved. | —0 | —0 |
Testify in court to present evidence or act as witness in traffic and criminal cases. | —0 | —0 |
Drive vehicles or patrol specific areas to detect law violators, issue citations, and make arrests. | —0 | —0 |
Monitor traffic to ensure motorists observe traffic regulations and exhibit safe driving procedures. | —0 | —0 |
Relay complaint and emergency-request information to appropriate agency dispatchers. | —0 | —0 |
Verify that the proper legal charges have been made against law offenders. | —0 | —0 |
Photograph or draw diagrams of crime or accident scenes and interview principals and eyewitnesses. | —0 | —0 |
Execute arrest warrants, locating and taking persons into custody. | —0 | —0 |
Patrol specific area on foot, horseback, or motorized conveyance, responding promptly to calls for assistance. | —0 | —0 |
Investigate traffic accidents and other accidents to determine causes and to determine if a crime has been committed. | —0 | —0 |
Direct traffic flow and reroute traffic in case of emergencies. | —0 | —0 |
Notify patrol units to take violators into custody or to provide needed assistance or medical aid. | —0 | —0 |
Serve statements of claims, subpoenas, summonses, jury summonses, orders to pay alimony, and other court orders. | —0 | —0 |
Question individuals entering secured areas to determine their business, directing and rerouting individuals as necessary. | —0 | —0 |
Patrol and guard courthouses, grand jury rooms, or assigned areas to provide security, enforce laws, maintain order, and arrest violators. | —0 | —0 |
Transport or escort prisoners and defendants en route to courtrooms, prisons or jails, attorneys' offices, or medical facilities. | —0 | —0 |
Locate and confiscate real or personal property, as directed by court order. | —0 | —0 |
Provide road information to assist motorists. | —0 | —0 |
Place people in protective custody. | —0 | —0 |
Conduct community programs for all ages concerning topics such as drugs and violence. | —0 | —0 |
Process prisoners, and prepare and maintain records of prisoner bookings and prisoner status during booking and pre-trial process. | —0 | —0 |
Supervise law enforcement staff, such as jail staff, officers, and deputy sheriffs. | —0 | —0 |
Examine immigration applications, visas, and passports and interview persons to determine eligibility for admission, residence, and travel in the U.S. | —0 | —0 |
Detain persons found to be in violation of customs or immigration laws and arrange for legal action, such as deportation. | —0 | —0 |
Locate and seize contraband, undeclared merchandise, and vehicles, aircraft, or boats that contain such merchandise. | —0 | —0 |
Inspect cargo, baggage, and personal articles entering or leaving U.S. for compliance with revenue laws and U.S. customs regulations. | —0 | —0 |
Institute civil and criminal prosecutions and cooperate with other law enforcement agencies in the investigation and prosecution of those in violation of immigration or customs laws. | —0 | —0 |
Testify regarding decisions at immigration appeals or in federal court. | —0 | —0 |
Determine duty and taxes to be paid on goods. | —0 | —0 |
Collect samples of merchandise for examination, appraisal, or testing. | —0 | —0 |
Investigate applications for duty refunds and petition for remission or mitigation of penalties when warranted. | —0 | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Record facts to prepare reports that document incidents and activities.O*NET Task ID 23053 | 1.0 |
Relay complaint and emergency-request information to appropriate agency dispatchers.O*NET Task ID 23061 | 1.0 |
Investigate illegal or suspicious activities.O*NET Task ID 23055 | 0.5 |
Review facts of incidents to determine if criminal act or statute violations were involved.O*NET Task ID 23056 | 0.5 |
Monitor, note, report, and investigate suspicious persons and situations, safety hazards, and unusual or illegal activity in patrol area.O*NET Task ID 23057 | 0.5 |
Verify that the proper legal charges have been made against law offenders.O*NET Task ID 23062 | 0.5 |
Photograph or draw diagrams of crime or accident scenes and interview principals and eyewitnesses.O*NET Task ID 23063 | 0.5 |
Evaluate complaint and emergency-request information to determine response requirements.O*NET Task ID 23064 | 0.5 |
Investigate traffic accidents and other accidents to determine causes and to determine if a crime has been committed.O*NET Task ID 23067 | 0.5 |
Notify patrol units to take violators into custody or to provide needed assistance or medical aid.O*NET Task ID 23069 | 0.5 |
Identify, pursue, and arrest suspects and perpetrators of criminal acts.O*NET Task ID 23051 | 0.0 |
Provide for public safety by maintaining order, responding to emergencies, protecting people and property, enforcing motor vehicle and criminal laws, and promoting good community relations.O*NET Task ID 23052 | 0.0 |
Render aid to accident victims and other persons requiring first aid for physical injuries.O*NET Task ID 23054 | 0.0 |
Testify in court to present evidence or act as witness in traffic and criminal cases.O*NET Task ID 23058 | 0.0 |
Drive vehicles or patrol specific areas to detect law violators, issue citations, and make arrests.O*NET Task ID 23059 | 0.0 |
Monitor traffic to ensure motorists observe traffic regulations and exhibit safe driving procedures.O*NET Task ID 23060 | 0.0 |
Execute arrest warrants, locating and taking persons into custody.O*NET Task ID 23065 | 0.0 |
Patrol specific area on foot, horseback, or motorized conveyance, responding promptly to calls for assistance.O*NET Task ID 23066 | 0.0 |
Direct traffic flow and reroute traffic in case of emergencies.O*NET Task ID 23068 | 0.0 |
Serve statements of claims, subpoenas, summonses, jury summonses, orders to pay alimony, and other court orders.O*NET Task ID 23070 | 0.0 |
Question individuals entering secured areas to determine their business, directing and rerouting individuals as necessary.O*NET Task ID 23071 | 0.0 |
Patrol and guard courthouses, grand jury rooms, or assigned areas to provide security, enforce laws, maintain order, and arrest violators.O*NET Task ID 23072 | 0.0 |
Transport or escort prisoners and defendants en route to courtrooms, prisons or jails, attorneys' offices, or medical facilities.O*NET Task ID 23073 | 0.0 |
Locate and confiscate real or personal property, as directed by court order.O*NET Task ID 23075 | 0.0 |
Supervise law enforcement staff, such as jail staff, officers, and deputy sheriffs.O*NET Task ID 23078 | 0.0 |
Place people in protective custody.O*NET Task ID 23079 | 0.0 |
Conduct community programs for all ages concerning topics such as drugs and violence.O*NET Task ID 23080 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page