Computer Programmers
Computer & MathematicalAI exposure
- Data source: BLSPublished: '26.08
Very high· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: '26.03
0.745
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
- Data source: ILOPublished: '25
0.57
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
ISCO-08 unit group — every occupation sharing the code gets this value
Computed by this site, not published by the ILO: of the 1,012 occupations this site links to the ILO dataset, 7% score at or above this value.
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only| Task | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Develop Web sites.15-1251 | 0.520032.1 | —0 |
Correct errors by making appropriate changes and rechecking the program to ensure that the desired results are produced.15-1251 | 0.330020.4 | 0.430032.3 |
Write, analyze, review, and rewrite programs, using workflow chart and diagram, and applying knowledge of computer capabilities, subject matter, and symbolic logic.15-1251 | 0.280017.3 | 0.380028.6 |
Write, update, and maintain computer programs or software packages to handle specific jobs such as tracking inventory, storing or retrieving data, or controlling other equipment.15-1251 | 0.280017.3 | 0.210015.8 |
Perform or direct revision, repair, or expansion of existing programs to increase operating efficiency or adapt to new requirements.15-1251 | 0.15009.3 | 0.210015.8 |
Compile and write documentation of program development and subsequent revisions, inserting comments in the coded instructions so others can understand the program.15-1251 | 0.03001.9 | 0.03002.3 |
Conduct trial runs of programs and software applications to be sure they will produce the desired information and that the instructions are correct.15-1251 | 0.01000.6 | 0.05003.8 |
Prepare detailed workflow charts and diagrams that describe input, output, and logical operation, and convert them into a series of instructions coded in a computer language.15-1251 | 0.01000.6 | 0.01000.8 |
Write or contribute to instructions or manuals to guide end users.15-1251 | 0.01000.6 | 0.00000.0 |
Investigate whether networks, workstations, the central processing unit of the system, or peripheral equipment are responding to a program's instructions.15-1251 | 0.00000.0 | 0.01000.8 |
Train subordinates in programming and program coding.15-1251 | 0.00000.0 | —0 |
| Not observed on any surface — 6 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | ||
Consult with managerial, engineering, and technical personnel to clarify program intent, identify problems, and suggest changes. | —0 | —0 |
Perform systems analysis and programming tasks to maintain and control the use of computer systems software as a systems programmer. | —0 | —0 |
Consult with and assist computer operators or system analysts to define and resolve problems in running computer programs. | —0 | —0 |
Assign, coordinate, and review work and activities of programming personnel. | —0 | —0 |
Collaborate with computer manufacturers and other users to develop new programming methods. | —0 | —0 |
Train users on the use and function of computer programs. | —0 | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Correct errors by making appropriate changes and rechecking the program to ensure that the desired results are produced.O*NET Task ID 1267 | 1.0 |
Conduct trial runs of programs and software applications to be sure they will produce the desired information and that the instructions are correct.O*NET Task ID 1268 | 1.0 |
Compile and write documentation of program development and subsequent revisions, inserting comments in the coded instructions so others can understand the program.O*NET Task ID 1269 | 1.0 |
Write, update, and maintain computer programs or software packages to handle specific jobs such as tracking inventory, storing or retrieving data, or controlling other equipment.O*NET Task ID 1270 | 1.0 |
Consult with managerial, engineering, and technical personnel to clarify program intent, identify problems, and suggest changes.O*NET Task ID 1271 | 1.0 |
Perform or direct revision, repair, or expansion of existing programs to increase operating efficiency or adapt to new requirements.O*NET Task ID 1272 | 1.0 |
Write, analyze, review, and rewrite programs, using workflow chart and diagram, and applying knowledge of computer capabilities, subject matter, and symbolic logic.O*NET Task ID 1273 | 1.0 |
Write or contribute to instructions or manuals to guide end users.O*NET Task ID 1274 | 1.0 |
Investigate whether networks, workstations, the central processing unit of the system, or peripheral equipment are responding to a program's instructions.O*NET Task ID 1275 | 1.0 |
Prepare detailed workflow charts and diagrams that describe input, output, and logical operation, and convert them into a series of instructions coded in a computer language.O*NET Task ID 1276 | 1.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
Occupation information
Recent Changes Affecting This Occupation
May 2026: Anthropic observed-exposure score: 75% (highest in dataset). Highest in dataset (75%). Computer & Math category overall sits at 33% observed vs 90% theoretical.
[Source: Anthropic Economic Research (Massenkoff & McCrory, 2026)]Apr 2026: BOK research identifies codified, textbook-style knowledge work as most AI-vulnerable. Korean youth employment in AI-exposed coding/programming roles shows paradoxical growth (+1.2pp) but collapsing new-hire rates.
[Source: Bank of Korea Employment Research (2025)]Mar 2026: Dallas Fed: Computer systems design sector shows employment decline of 5% alongside 16.7% wage growth, suggesting AI automates routine coding while rewarding complex problem-solving.
[Source: Dallas Fed (Feb 2026)]